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Planning for ecosystem-based adaptation in Taveuni, FijiSynthesis Report

SPREP Publications, Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

This synthesis report provides an overview of the first seven steps used to identify, prioritise, and implement ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) projects in Taveuni, Fiji. The report is based on a detailed series of technical reports prepared for the PEBACC project by Watershed Professionals Network LLC in collaboration with ECONorthwest.

State of the Environment (SOE) 2017 report : Republic of Palau

Available Online

The State of the Environment Report 2017 conveys the trend of key natural resource indicators through time, and analyses their most recent condition in relation to local and global goals and standards.

palau

Ecosystem and socio-economic resilience analysis and mapping (ESRAM) : Solomon Islands, Volume 1 : introduction and national assessment

SPREP Publications, Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

This report presents Volume 1 (of three volumes) prepared as part of the Solomon Islands Ecosystems and Socio-economic Resilience Analysis and Mapping (ESRAM) to assess and prioritise climate change-related ecosystem-based adapation options for selected locations in Solomon Islands. Volume 1 provides the generic project background and methodology relevant to all three volumes, together with the high level national scale assessment.

Ecosystem-Based Adaptation

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

H. Sophie

This report produced by BMT WBM for the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment (SPREP) presents the Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) Options Assessment and Masterplan for Honiara prepared as part of the Solomon Islands Ecosystems and Socio-economic Resilience Analysis and Mapping (ESRAM) to assess and prioritize climate change-related ecosystem-based adaptation options for selected locations in Solomon Islands. The report outlines EbA options for Honiara.

Ecosystem and Socio-Economic Resilience Analysis and Mapping (ESRAM) : Solomon Islands, Vol 3 : Honiara

SPREP Publications, Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

This report Volume 3 (of three volumes) prepared as part of the Solomon Islands Ecosystems and Socio-economic Resilience Analysis and Mapping (ESRAM) to assess and priortise climate change-related ecosystem-based adaptaton options for selected locations in Solomon Islands. Volume 3 is the ESRAM report for the National capital, Honiara.Volume 3 is the ESRAM report for the National capital, Honiara.

The Value of Offshore Marine Protected Areas for Open Ocean Habitats and Species.

Available Online

Ceccarelli D M & Fernandes L

This paper reviews the value of, especially, no-take marine rotected areas (MPAs), specifically for protecting offshore areas. It describes open ocean habitats and explores the question of whether offshore MPAs can be effective in helping to ensure the future of the open oceans pelagic and benthic habitats and species including large, wide-ranging and migratory fauna that inhabit all depths of the ocean.

Towards an effective legal framework for marine protected areas in Fiji

Available Online

The purpose of this paper is to support the development of a comprehensive legal framework for the establishment and management of an effective network of MPAs in Fiji which is based on science and suited to the Fiji context. MPAs are not just aimed at limiting fishing activity but also promote a whole range of potential uses that address critical issues such as food security, resilience to natural disasters and adaptation to climate change

fiji

Report on the 2016 Funafuti Community-based Ridge-To-Reef (R2R). Rapid biodiversity assessment of the conservation status of biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES) in Tuvalu.

Available Online

Alefaio, Semese

Fonua, Mile

Penivao, Feagaiga

Saamu, Lamese

Saitala, Moe

Teakau, Faoliu

Tekinene, Mataio

Thaman, Randy

This report presents the results of the 2016 Funafuti Community-Based Ridge-to-Reef (R2R) Rapid Biodiversity Assessment (BIORAP) of biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES), hereafter referred to as the BIORAP.

tuvalu

Globally threatened vertebrates on islands with invasive species.

Available Online

Butchart, Stuart H M

Ceballos, Gerardo

Croll Donald A.

Genovesi, Piero Genovesi

Holmes, Nick D.

Spatz, Dena

Tershy, Bernie R

Zilliacus, Kelly M.

Global biodiversity loss is disproportionately rapid on islands, where invasive species are a major driver of extinctions. To inform conservation planning aimed at preventing extinctions, we identify the distribution and biogeographic patterns of highly threatened terrestrial vertebrates (classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature) and invasive vertebrates on ~465,000 islands worldwide by conducting a comprehensive literature review and interviews with more than 500 experts. We found that 1189 highly threatened vertebrate species (319 amphibians, 282 reptiles, 296 birds, and 292 mammals) breed on 1288 islands. These taxa represent only 5% of Earth's terrestrial vertebrates and 41% of all highly threatened terrestrial vertebrates, which occur in 1% of islands worldwide. Information about invasive vertebrates was available for 1030 islands (80% of islands with highly threatened vertebrates). Invasive vertebrates were absent from 24% of these islands, where biosecurity to prevent invasions is a critical management tool. On the 76% of islands where invasive vertebrates were present, management could benefit 39% of Earths highly threatened vertebrates. Invasive mammals occurred in 97% of these islands, with Rattus as the most common invasive vertebrate (78%; 609 islands). Our results provide an important baseline for identifying islands for invasive species eradication and other island conservation actions that reduce biodiversity loss.

Stable isotope analysis as an early monitoring tool for Community-scale effects of rat eradication

Available Online

Egmann, Alex S.

Fisher, Robert N.

Hathaway, Stacie A

Katherine M Nigro

Kuile, Ana Miller-ter

Young, Hillary S

Invasive rats have colonized most of the islands of the world, resulting in strong negative impacts on native biodiversity and on ecosystem functions. As prolific omnivores, invasive rats can cause local extirpation of a wide range of native species, with cascading consequences that can reshape communities and ecosystems. Eradication of rats on islands is now becoming a widespread approach to restore ecosystems, and many native island species showstrong numerical responses to rat eradication. However, the effect of rat eradication on other consumers can extend beyond direct numerical effects, to changes in behavior, dietary composition, and other ecological parameters. These behavioral and trophic effectsmay have strong cascading impacts on the ecology of restored ecosystems, but they have rarely been examined. In this study, we explore how rat eradication has affected the trophic ecology of native land crab communities. Using stable isotope analysis of rats and crabs, we demonstrate that the diet or trophic position of most crabs changed subsequent to rat eradication. Combined with the numerical recovery of two carnivorous land crab species (Geograpsus spp.), this led to a dramatic widening of the crab trophic niche following rat eradication. Given the established importance of land crabs in structuring island communities, particularly plants, this suggests an unappreciated mechanism by which rat eradication may alter island ecology. This study also demonstrates the potential for stable isotope analysis as a complementary monitoring tool to traditional techniques, with the potential to provide more nuanced assessments of the community- and ecosystem-wide effects of restoration.

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