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Mapping Governance Gaps on the High Seas

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

The Pew Charitable Trusts

A patchwork of international bodies and treaties manage ocean resources and human activity in areas beyond any states national jurisdiction (see Table 1). However, these governance bodies vary greatly in terms of their mandate, which determines their geographic scope, their objective, the legally binding nature of decisions they adopt, and whether they regulate one or several activities. Their jurisdictions often overlap, but virtually no mechanisms exist to coordinate across geographic areas and sectors.1 Too often, this piecemeal governance approach leads to the degradation of the environment and its resources, and makes deploying management and conservation tools such as environmental impact assessments and marine protected areas (MPAs), including marine reserves, challenging both legally and logistically

governance

United Nations Environment Assembly of the United Nations Environment Programme Second session, Nairobi, 23-27 May 2016. International environmental policy and governance issues: science-policy interface - Summary of the Sixth Global Environment Outlook Regional Assessments: Key Findings and Policy Messages

Available Online

United Nations

The present note summarizes the key findings and policy messages stemming from the Global Environment Outlook (GEO-6) assessments conducted for the six United Nations Environment Programme regions (Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, North America and West Asia), pursuant to resolution 1/4 of the first session of the United Nations Environment Assembly. Each GEO-6 regional assessment includes a review of regional priorities, the state of the environment in the region, the main trends that will affect the regions environment in the future and an analysis of the actions needed for the region to achieve a more sustainable future. The findings will provide key inputs for the global GEO-6 assessment and for relevant regional and national forums and processes. The summaries of the GEO-6 regional assessments were endorsed at a series of regional meetings convened in March and April 2016 with members of the GEO-6 High-level Intergovernmental and Stakeholder Advisory Group (HLG).

Systematic conservation planning within a Fijian customary governance context

Aalbersberg, W.

Comley, J.

Weeks, R.

Wendt, H. K.

Although conservation planning research has influenced conservation actions globally in the last two decades, successful implementation of systematic conservation plans in regions where customary marine tenure exists has been minimal. In such regions, local community knowledge and understanding of socioeconomic realities may offer the best spatially explicit information for analysis, since required socioeconomic data are not available at scales relevant to conservation planning. Here we describe the process undertaken by the Kadavu Yaubula Management Support Team, a team of researchers from The University of the South Pacific and the local communities to assess whether systematic conservation planning tools can be effectively applied and useful in a customary governance context, using a case study from Fiji. Through a participatory approach and with the aim of meeting local-scale conservation and fisheries needs, a spatial conservation planning tool, Marxan with Zones, was used to reconfigure a collection of locally designed marine protected areas in the province of Kadavu in order to achieve broader objectives. At the local scale, the real value of such tools has been in the process of identifying and conceptualising management issues, working with communities to collate data through participatory techniques, and in engaging communities in management decision making. The output and use of the tool has been of secondary value. The outcome was invaluable for developing marine protected area network design approaches that combine traditional knowledge with ecological features in a manner appropriate to a Melanesian context.

Evolution of International Governance of Biodiversity

Available Online

Alam, Sabiha

Arjjumend, Hasrat

Koutouki, Konstantia

The rapid degradation of biological diversity was a significant catalyst behind the mobilization of governments and international organizations to institutionalize the governance of nature. As a result, international governance structures started evolving in early 20th century culminating with the establishment of the comprehensive UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1993. The CBD has elaborate mechanisms and frameworks for nature governance on a global level. In addition, the parallel Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services has gained growing momentum. It is pertinent to understand the complexities and future of these international regimes meant to govern the protection and sustainable use of biodiversity globally

governance

Sharing the City: Urban Growth and Governance in Suva, Fiji. In SSGM Discussion Paper 2016/6

Keen, Meg

Phillips, Tarryn

Fiji is the most urbanised state in Melanesia. Its main city, Suva, is facing many challenges of rapid growth. With more than 50 per cent of its population now living in its cities and that number set to increase to about 60 per cent in the next decade, Suva officials and residents are working to address the pressures of urbanisation and to capitalise on its opportunities.

Climate Financing and Risk Governance Assessment Kingdom of Tonga - April 2016

Climate Change Resilience

Available Online

Tonga is ranked as the third most vulnerable country in the world to natural hazards. As a small island developing state on the front line of natural hazards, the additional risks posed by climate change are a critical cause for concern.

Protected Area Governance and Management

Environmental Governance

Available Online

Feary, S (ed)

Kothari, A (ed)

Lockwook, M (ed)

Plusford, I (ed)

Worboys, G L (ed)

The world’s more than 200 000 protected areas come in many forms, on land and at sea, and occur in every country (Bertzky et al. 2012). They are places that people establish to conserve natural and cultural heritage and to sustain their benefits for society. Among other values, protected areas allow people to connect with nature for their inspiration, education, well-being and recreation. While protecting ecosystems that are essential for life, they can support human livelihoods and aspirations and offer nature-based solutions for the complex challenges faced by the world today.

The state of technology transfer obligations in global environmental governance and law: biodiversity conservation and sustainable use

Climate Change Resilience

Available Online

Prip, Christian

Rosendal, G. Kristin

Tvedt, Morten Walloe

Technology transfer (TT) is of high importance for India and also in global environmental governance. This is reflected in horizontal UN goals and instruments as well as various multilateral environmental agreements. This report addresses the conditions for and the state of technology transfer, with a focus on conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. It also debates how technology needs in this field are similar to or differ from the needs in other fields of global environmental governance such as climate change and chemicals.

governance

Protected Area Governance and Management

Available Online

Feary, Sue (ed.)

IUCN

Kothari, Ashish (ed.)

Lockwood, Michael (ed.)

Pulsford, Ian (ed.)

Worboys, Graeme

governance

A primer on governance for protected and conserved areas

Available Online

Borrini-Feyerabend, G.

Bueno, P.

Hay-Edie, T.

Lang, B.

Rastogi, A.

Sandwith, T.

Conservation is a positive endeavour including the preservation, maintenance, sustainable use, restoration, and enhancement of the natural environment. (1) Protected area is ...a clearly defi ned geographical space, recognised, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values. (6) This IUCN defi nition applies equally to land, inland waters and coastal and marine territories and areas and is widely considered to be equivalent to the CBD defi nition.

governance

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