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In July, the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) was just north of the equator, and a well-defined South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) extended east-southeast from PNG to the northern Cook Islands in the southern hemisphere.

In July 2022, a Ni-Vanuatu team of scientists from Eco Lifelihood Development Association, Department of Environmental Protection and Conservation DEPC, Department of Forests-Vanuatu, The University of the South Pacific & Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme - SPREP with communications support from Savvy Vanuatu went to west Malekula to conduct a Biological Rapid Assessment (BIORAP) on the plant and animal species found in the area.

In this video, Frazer Alo, Malampa Environment Extension Officer, and Thomas Doro, the Acting Herbarium Curator at the Department of Forestry, explain the process of surveying plants in the field and why this is important.

To improve understanding of the impact of communities on their natural ecosystems, land use surveys conducted in the three Key Biodiveristy Areas (KBA) of West Malekula: Wiawi, Bamboo Bay and Tisiri Lagoon.

Ornithologist Andrew Morris joined the Biological Rapid Assessment (BIORAP) team to Malekula to lead the bird study in Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) in July 2022. Bird species were identified by listening to bird calls, audio recordings, visual sighting, and photographs taken with special bird cameras. In the KBAs, the key bird species found include the Vanuatu Kingfisher, Vanuatu Streak Fantail, and Vanuatu White Eye.

Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in teh central Pacific have been cooling since December 2023.

The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is currently neutral. However, the Bureau's ENSO Outlook is at La Niña Watch, due to some early signs that an event might form in the Pacific Ocean later in 2024.

This report summaries the result against the defined reporting measures from four years of Port Based Outreach (PBO) activities undertaken by BirdLife International through the SPREP-Led By-catch and Integrated Ecosystem (BIEM) initiatice form 2019 to 2023.

The El Niño Southern Oscillation is currently neutral. However, the Bureau's ENSO Outlook is at La Niña Watch, due to some early signs that an event might form in the Pacific Ocean later in 2024. A La Niña Watch does not guarantee that a La Niña will develop. There is about an equal chance of neutral ENSO conditions in the same outlook period.

The El Niño Southern Oscillation is currently neutral. There are some early signs that a La Niña might form in the Pacific Ocean later in 2024. As a result, the Bureau's ENSO Outlook has shifted to La Niña Watch. When La Niña tch criteria have been met in the past, a La Niña event has subse-quently developed around 50% of the time. There is about an equal chance of neutral ENSO conditions in the same outlook period. Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the central Pacific have been steadily cooling since December 2023.