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Agriculture & climate change in the Pacific island region
Climate Change Resilience, Biodiversity Conservation
Available Online

SPC/GTZ Programme on Adaptation to Climate Change in the Pacific Island Region

The overall objective of the programme is to strengthen the capacities of SPC member countries to cope with the adverse effects of climate change and to avoid deforestation, with sustainable management of land based natural resources as a fundamental element.
Submarine tailings disposal: mining's problem with waste
Available Online
Safe disposal of mine waste, including tailings, is generally recognized as the single largest environmental challenge facing the mining industry worldwide and a major expense for mining companies. Modern open-pit mining has a very high waste-to-product ratio (roughly 99 tonnes of waste to each tonne of copper, and even far more waste in gold mining), making waste the major product of mining. The Canadian mineral industry generates about 650 million tonnes of waste per year.1 The storage of this waste poses significant engineering challenges. All over the world, tailingsdams are leaking, or breaking, and seeping toxins on a daily basis; but recent environmental and social disasters in Romania, Guyana, Spain, and the Philippines—caused by tailings-dams that burst—have served to focus public attention on this problem.
The Ramu nickel cobalt mine : a disaster in the making
Available Online

Divecha, Simon

Submarine Tailings Disposal, or STD, has recently come into favor in Papua New Guinea where on-land disposal options are problematic. Two mines: Misima Gold Mine (Placer Pacific) in the Milne Bay Archipelago, and Lihir Gold Mine (RTZ), in New Ireland Province, already use this technique. (See: STD on the Island of Lihr.) The State of Papua New Guinea is highly dependant on the revenue from mining projects. For this reason the mining sector has traditionally wielded substantial power, and this in turn has had major implications for the acceptance of sub-standard environmental performance.
Imbalance of information power between the state and the resource owners in the development of natural resources
Available Online

Kwa, Eric Lokai

There is a famous saying that “knowledge is power”. This saying is very true today as we are all famaliar with the power of knowledge. Without knowledge a person stands to lose at the hands of his opponent. And knowledge comes through accessing information that is available to the user. In Papua New Guinea (PNG) the power of knowledge is easily identifiable as we see the exercise of this power almost everyday in the markets, shops, meeting places, villages and towns. This is imperative as PNG has one of the lowest literacy rates in the South Pacific.1 In PNG, those with access to information that is not readily available to the majority of the people, have been able to utilise their knowledge to their own adavantage.2 This situation is very common in the natural resources sector. This is very apparent in the forestry and to some extent in the mineral resources sector.3
Cookbook for state of the environment reporting on the internet
Biodiversity Conservation
Available Online
SoE refers to state of the environment or, in this book, a report about the state of the environment in a particular region. It is intended that the audience of these reports applies information contained within them for decision making purposes, ranging from voting choices to setting policies. The impetus for SoE reporting is partially due to the adoption of Agenda21 at the 1992 UNCED conference in Rio. Chapter 40of Agenda 21 specifically calls for improved environmental information for decision-making.
Marine coastal pollution study (SPREP-POL)
Biodiversity Conservation, Waste Management and Pollution Control
Available Online

Benko Walter I

,

Currey, Nicholas

This paper reviews work previously undertaken in the region of direct relevance tp the Torres Straight and outlines the SPREP POL programmes and proposals
Action plan for sea turtle mitigation in the Cook Islands
Biodiversity Conservation
Available Online

Ministry of Marine Resources

To reduce the impacts of fishing for highly migratory fish species by fishing vessels operating in the Cook Islands offshore tuna fishery.
Federated States of Micronesia fourth national report: implementation of article 6 of the convention of biological diversity
Available Online

Wortel, Olivier L.

The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is at a critical juncture. The Constitution of the FSM – ratified in 1978 at the dawn of the federation’s young nationhood – states: “We affirm our common wish to live together in peace and harmony, to preserve the heritage of the past, and to protect the promise of the future...to become the proud guardian of own islands, now and forever.” Preserving the heritage of the past and protecting the promise of the future is a reference to the biological wealth of the FSM and its continued viability contingent upon long-term stewardship. Sixteen years after becoming an independent nation on the world stage the FSM ratified the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1994. Seven years thereafter, in 2001, the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) was developed as a national strategy that illuminates the nation’s Constitutional prerogative with specific goals, objectives and actions that seek to not only maintain the deeply rooted environmental morals of the traditional lifestyle of the FSM, but to also achieve the international standards of the CBD. A mere five years later, in 2006, the FSM, along with the Republic of Palau and the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), it’s autonomous sister island neighbors in the North Pacific to the east and to the west, along with the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) and Guam, brought the Micronesian Ethic to the world in the seminal announcement of the Micronesia Challenge at the 8th Convention of the Parties in Curitiba, Brazil.
The e-waste situation in the Federated States of Micronesia : country report
Available Online

Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP)

Among the general population of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), perhaps relatively few people are aware of the potentially adverse effects that are associated with various environmental issues. While some people understand that litter is unsightly, and that there are polluting substances that can poison fresh water sources, make soil unsuitable for agriculture, and cause damage to coastal areas and reefs, most people are quite unaware of the wide variety of items that can contribute to these pollution problems. Since there has yet to be a large scale environmental disaster in this island nation, and the international news of such incidents happening in far-away places (India, US, Europe) seldom filters down sufficiently so as to be included in the local community level dialogue, the level of awareness of the average FSM citizen, the "man in the street", is low. There may be some understanding of the hazardous nature of items such as waste oil, petroleum products, and other chemicals if they arc not handled properly, but few people would realize that their cell phones or a washing machine are also included in the list of items with polluting potential.
The environmentally sound management of electrical and electronic waste in the Pacific island countries and territories
Biodiversity Conservation
Available Online
In recent years, significant international trans-boundary movement has evolved in used refrigerators, other electrical appliances, personal computers and associated hardware, used electronic equipment and used cellular telephones for the removal of usable parts, for refurbishment and reuse and for processing for the recovery of raw materials. Import and export statistics provided globally by Parties to the Basel Convention for the year 2000 show that there were imports of more than 17.5 million tonnes and export of 1.6 million tonnes designated as used electrical and electronic assemblies or scrap. Trans-boundary movement of these goods is forecast to increase significantly as more and more countries produce or assemble electrical and electronic equipment and tighten control over acceptable disposal methods, adopt processes to recover valuable constituents and use safe practices to deal with the hazardous constituents in e-wastes (e.g. cadmium, lead, beryllium, CFCs, brominated flame retardants, mercury, nickel and certain organic and organo-metallic compounds). While offering some economic benefits, massive import of e-wastes coupled with the same wastes being generated locally is placing a heavy health and environmental burden, in particular to developing countries.

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