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This island nation contains many marine eco-systems, from globally significant coral reefs to mangroves, seagrass areas, seamounts and deep-sea trenches supporting at least 769 fish species, including sharks and rays, as well as whales, dolphins and sea turtles.

The earth's crust and atmosphere form the biosphere, which is capable of supporting life. Biosphere reserves are there to protect the environment and the organisms living in it in certain areas. This is achieved by safeguarding biodiversity and developing sustainable forms of using land and natural resources, to the mutual benefit of humans and nature.

Pacific Island countries are at the forefront of the battle against climate change. With increased exposure and vulnerability of Pacific Islanders to weather extremes resulting from human-induced climate change, it is becoming increasingly important to understand local climate change knowledge and local perceptions on adaptation, and how these relate to resilience and to action on managing the impacts of climate change.