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It is a relatively a new technology globally with considerable uncertainty regarding the potential for environmental impacts. There are currently no recognised international best practice guidelines for minimising or mitigating environmental impacts.

A powerpoint presentation on Known and potential impacts of deep sea mining and oil and gas exploration, delivered at the Whales in a Changing Ocean Conference, in Vava'u, Tonga.

Powerpoint presentation by Blue Planet Marine on potential impacts on marine mammals from offshore development in the South Pacific.