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Voluntary guidance for states to incorporate Climate Change into State Wildlife Action Plans & Other Management Plans

Climate Change Resilience, BRB

Available Online

Association of Fish & Wildlife Agencies

Climate Change Wildlife Action Plan Work Group

The Climate Change Wildlife Action Plan Guidance Document provides voluntary guidance for state fish and wildlife agencies wanting to better incorporate the impacts of climate change on wildlife and their habitats into Wildlife Action Plans. The approaches and techniques described in this document also will be useful in modifying other wildlife plans (e.g. big game/upland game/migratory bird plans, joint venture implementation plans, national fish habitat action plan, etc.) to address climate change. The document provides an overview of the information currently available on climate change, tools that can be used to plan for and implement climate change adaptation, voluntary guidance and case studies. Climate change is a large and growing threat to all wildlife and natural systems and will also exacerbate many existing threats. Efforts to address climate change should not diminish the immediate need to deal with threats that may be independent of climate change such as habitat loss/fragmentation from development, introduction of invasive species, water pollution and wildlife diseases. Since climate change is a complex and often politically-charged issue, its understood that the decision to revise Wildlife Action Plans or other plans to address climate change, rests solely with each state fish and wildlife agency.

Pacific invasive learning network : final report

Available Online

Key, Jill

The Pacific Invasives Initiative (PII) is a sister partnership based at Auckland University which shares 6 partners with PILN. The goal of the PII is to contribute to conserving island biodiversity and enhancing the sustainability of island livelihoods by minimizing the spread and impacts of invasive species in the Pacific region. This is achieved by increasing support and developing capacity in the region for managing the impacts of these species. It works with Pacific agencies/organisations to increase their support for invasive species management and develop their capacity to take effective action against their priority invasive species problems. These outcomes are achieved through facilitation of Demonstration Projects, provision of technical support and advice, provision of training and facilitation of skills exchanges.

Pacific Invasive Learning Network Pilot programme, May 2006-May 2008

Available Online

Key, Jill

Work is based around country visits by the network coordinator to support PILN teams to identify and take strategic action to manage their priority invasive species. The network is functioning by sharing awareness of successful activities being earned out by the teams, providing the mechanism for other teams to do the same, and actively encouraging them to do so. Capacity building is linked to on-going invasive species projects and achieved through workshops and exchanges.

Biofuel crops and the use of non-native species: mitigating the risks of invasion

Climate Change Resilience, Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

GISP

Many countries are currently looking at growing high-yielding crops for the production of biofuels as alternatives to traditional fuels (petrol and diesel) to address imminent energy shortages and reduce impacts of climate change. This usually involves the importation of foreign (i.e., alien) species of plants that are known for their fast and productive growth. If these initiatives are not carefully assessed, however, promoting the cultivation of some popular species for biofuel production will increase two of the major causes of biodiversity loss on the planet: clearing and conversion of yet more natural areas for monocultures, and invasion by non-native species.

Conservation of kakerori (Pomarea dimidiata) in the Cook Islands in 2006/07

Available Online

Robertson Hugh a.

Saul. Edward K.

In 1989, the kakerori (Pomarea dimidiata) was one of the 10 rarest birds in the world with a declining population of just 29 individuals living in forested hill country in the Takitumu Conservation Area (TCA) of south-eastern Rarotonga, Cook Islands. Following 12 years of rat poisoning, the population had increased to 255 birds in August 2001. The programme then shifted from species recovery to sustainable management of the Rarotonga population at 250 to 300 birds. The rat poisoning effort was reduced, and an insurance population was established on Atiu. By August 2004, following the reduction of poisoning from weekly to fortnightly, and the transfer of 30 youngsters to Atiu in 200103, there were 281 birds on Rarotonga and 25 on Atiu. The southern Cook Islands were hit by five tropical cyclones in a four-week period in FebruaryMarch 2005, and forests on Rarotonga were severely damaged. Kakerori survived the storms remarkably well, but the main effect was observed in the following breeding season (2005/06), when nesting success on Rarotonga was exceptionally poor. Reduced canopy cover caused nests to be exposed to abnormally wet conditions, and lack of fruit meant that rats were exceptionally hungry. Only 31 yearlings were known to be alive in August 2006about half the expected numberand annual mortality of banded birds (25%) was the highest since management began. The kakerori population on Rarotonga fell 8% from 275 birds in August 2005 to a minimum of 254 birds in August 2006. The situation was better on Atiu, with the population growing from about 32 adult birds in 2005/06 to a minimum of 37 adult birds in 2006/07, and an Atiu-bred pair nested successfully for the first time. The 2006/07 breeding season on Rarotonga was moderately successful, with a minimum of 51 fledglings found. Because the sustainable management regime of fortnightly rat poisoning in the TCA was only just adequate in giving protection to adult kakerori, the annual poisoning programme was modified by adding rounds of interim poisoning in April and July 2007 aimed at reducing rat and cat numbers before the breeding season.

Engaging youth in sustainable development: learning and teaching sustainable developments in lower secondary schools

Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

Mayer Michela

Tschapka Johannes

The examples of practice presented in this book focus on students aged 10 to 15, which, depending on the national school system, includes the upper level of primary school, as well as the lower and partly the upper secondary school levels. This age group spans many developmental stages. Currently, most ESD publications are geared toward children in primary schools or toward students at the higher secondary and tertiary levels of education, who have almost reached adulthood. Beginning to concentrate more on the pre-adolescent students is about more than just adapting and implementing learning material to the potential of students from that age group. It also involves reflecting on the role that youth of this age group play in our present-day society. Are they taken seriously? What kinds of actions can they take? Whom do they trust? Do they have the capacity and ability to ask for considerable goals and to understand and make clear to others the necessity to act?

External review of the Pacific Invasives learning network (PILN)

Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

Butler Dr. David

This support has taken various forms: bringing participants together for annual meetings, developing specific workshops to meet needs they had identified, passing around information, supporting learning exchanges and assisting with national planning. The result has been that most participants who responded to a survey felt that PILN had helped them carry out their invasive species work more successfully. Partner agency representatives all reported that they were very satisfied or satisfied with PILN. Flinders were also well pleased with the networks progress and several considered that future support might be possible.

Samoa's National Invasive Species Action Plan: July 2008 - June - 2011.

Available Online

Government of Samoa

Invasive species are one of the greatest threats to Samoas natural heritage. In fact the impacts of invasive species are immense, costly and usually irreversible and are being increasingly felt in Samoa. Impacts can range from adversely affecting the productivity and subsequent economic output of primary industry, such as agriculture, forestry and fisheries, to impeding cultural practices and traditions, household food security and sustainable livelihoods, and threatening the integrity and biodiversity of natural ecosystems, including vital ecosystem processes.

Especes exotiques envahissantes dans les collectivities francaises d'outre-mer : etat des lieux et recommandations

Available Online

Soubeyran Yohann

Fondee en 1948, lUnion internationale pour la conservation de la nature rassemble des Etats, des organismes gouvernementaux et un large eventail dorganisations non gouvernementales au sein dune alliance unique : plus de 1000 membres dans 147 pays. LUICN regroupe egalement un reseau de plus de 10 000 experts benevoles qui apportent leurs connaissances a travers six commissions specialisees. Le secretariat de lUICN est compose dun siege mondial en Suisse et de 62 bureaux regionaux et nationaux.

Biology and impacts of Pacific Island Invasive species 4. Verbesina encelioides, Golden Crownbeard (Magnoliopsida: Asteraceae)

Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

Clements, David R.

Feenstra, Kathleen R.

Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex A. Gray, golden crownbeard, is a sunflower-like herbaceous annual plant ranging in height from 0.3 to 1.7 m with showy yellow flowers. It is native to the southwestern United States, the Mexican Plateau, and other parts of tropical America. Its invasive characteristics include high seed production (as many as 300-350 seeds per flower and multiple flowers per plant), seed dormancy, ability to tolerate dry conditions, and possible allelopathic effects. Disturbed areas with a relatively sandy substrate within warm, arid climate zones are vulnerable to invasion by V. encelioides. Veresina encelioides is found on all of the main Hawaiian islands except Ni'ihau but is particularly problematic on Midway and Kure Atoll, where it may threaten the habitat of nesting birds such as Laysan and black-footed albatrosses and Christmas and wedge-tailed shearwaters. Many other Pacific islands with similar habitats could be invaded by the V. encelioides. The plant has become naturalised in many other U.S. states, parts of South America, the Bahamas, Cuba, the Dominican Republic Puerto Rico, parts of Europe, Saudi Arabia, India, Ethiopia, Morocco, Botswana, Namibia, Israel, and Australia. It is a pest of various crops in the southern United States and India and is poisonous to sheep and cattle. Verbesina encelioides can be controlled via herbicides or mechanical means, but measures must be repeated due to the presence of persistent seed banks. Further research on V. encelioides is needed to understand its population dynamics, allelopathic properties, and impacts on natural ecosystems.

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